Furfural
Naturelle - Synthétique
Balsamic Ambery > Almondy > Berries > Gourmand > Etheric Solvent
Crédits photo: ScenTree SAS
Other names :
2-formylfuran ; 2-furaldehyde ; 2-furan aldehyde ; 2-furan carbonal ; 2-furan carboxaldehyde ; Furan-2-carbaldehyde ; 2-furanaldehyde ; 2-furancarbonal ; Furfuraldehyde ; Alpha-furole ; 2-furyl aldehyde ; 2-furyl carboxaldehyde ; 2-furyl methanal ; Pyromucic aldehyde
Volatility :
Head
Uses in perfumery :
Furfural is used in perfumes for food and gourmet notes. Its brings a volatile and liquorous note of bitter almond, and can contribute to a coffee note.
Natural availability :
Furfural is produced thanks to bran, cereals straw and other plants. It also is directly found in some plant oils as Trifolium pratense, in distillation waters of Ambrette Seeds EO, Angelica Seeds EO, Ceylon Cinnamon EO, Petitgrain Bigarade EO and Lavender EO, among others.
Year of discovery :
Discovered in 1832 by German chemist Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner, while synthetising formic acid.
Other comments :
Furfural belongs to the Furan molecules category. This category includes cooked bread, nutty and caramel notes for example, and is used over all in the aroma industry.
The detection theshold of Furfural is very low. Although it evaporated very quickly, a ppm concentration is enough to detect its presence (without recognizing it) in a composition.
Furfural is toxic, and is stongly regulated in perfumery. It can provoke euphorias, dizziness, headaches, skin allergiesand photosensitiveness of the skin.
Perfumery regulation secures its use in fragrances.
The detection theshold of Furfural is very low. Although it evaporated very quickly, a ppm concentration is enough to detect its presence (without recognizing it) in a composition.
Furfural is toxic, and is stongly regulated in perfumery. It can provoke euphorias, dizziness, headaches, skin allergiesand photosensitiveness of the skin.
Perfumery regulation secures its use in fragrances.
Price Range :
€
Stability :
Furfural is very unstable. It can reacti with nitrogen compounds and Methyl Anthranilate or Indole to form Schiff bases. It also is very sensitive in alkaline bases as some detergents.
Crédits photo: ScenTree SAS
- Molecular formula :
- C5H4O2
- Molecular Weight :
- 96,09 g/mol
- Density :
- 1,16
- Flash Point :
- 62°C
- Fusion Point :
- -36°C
- Appearance :
- Brown liquid
- Log P :
- 0,41
- Boiling Point :
- 162°C
- Detection Threshold :
- Entre 280 ppb et 8 ppm (0,0008%) selon les personnes
Synthesis route :
Furfural is synthesized starting from natural products as some cereals straws, bran etc. By macerating it in an aquesous solution of sulfuric acid, it can be recovered by distillation of the obtained organic residue.
Synthesis precursor :
Furfural is not used for the synthesis of another compound used in perfumery.
Isomerism :
Furfural does not have any isomer used in perfumery.
- EINECS number :
- 202-627-7
- FEMA number :
- 2489
- JECFA number :
- 450
- FLAVIS number :
- 13.018
- Allergens :
- This ingredient does not contain any allergen.
- IFRA :
- This ingredient is restricted by IFRA
- Restriction type :
- RESTRICTION
- Cause of restriction :
- CARCINOGENICITY
- Amendment :
- 49
- Comments :
- Furfural has been found in natural extracts but only at trace levels.
- Quantitative limit on the use :
-
Cat.1 Cat.2 Cat.3 Cat.4 Cat.5A Cat.5B Cat.5C Cat.5D Cat.6 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % Cat.7A Cat.7B Cat.8 Cat.9 Cat.10A Cat.10B Cat.11A Cat.11B Cat.12 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0,001 % 0.0010 % 0,05 % - Restriction type :
- RESTRICTION NON QRA
- Cause of restriction :
- CARCINOGENICITY
- Amendment :
- 47
| Skin contact products | Non skin contact products | |
|---|---|---|
| Leave on products | Rinse off products | |
| 0,001 % | 0,05 % | |
To learn more about IFRA's standards : https://ifrafragrance.org/safe-use/library
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